Cov Khoom Siv Tiv Thaiv Hluav Taws Xob DC thiab AC rau Lub Hnub Ci thiab PV Systems
Kuv tau pom ntau qhov project hnub ci ua tsis tiav tom qab muaj cua daj cua dub ib zaug, yog li kuv vam khom rau ib qho Cov Khoom Siv Tiv Thaiv Surge kom tsis txhob muaj kev puas tsuaj ua ntej nws mus txog cov vaj huam sib luag thiab cov inverters.
Ib Cov Khoom Siv Tiv Thaiv Surge rau lub hnub ci thiab PV systems tiv thaiv DC thiab AC circuits los ntawm xob laim thiab switching surges los ntawm kev xa cov hluav taws xob ntau dhau mus rau hauv av, tiv thaiv cov khoom siv tsis ua haujlwm thiab lub sijhawm tsis ua haujlwm.
Yog tias koj xav tau cov zis ruaj khov, cov nqi txij nkawm uas kwv yees tau, thiab lub neej ntev ntawm lub kaw lus, kev nkag siab txog DC thiab AC SPDs ua haujlwm li cas yog kauj ruam tom ntej.
Dab tsi yog ib qho DC Surge Protective Device rau Lub Hnub Ci Systems
Kuv feem ntau ntsib cov neeg yuav khoom uas tsis quav ntsej txog qhov DC surges, kom txog thaum muaj ib qho xwm txheej ua rau lub inverter puas tsuaj. Yog vim li ntawd kuv thiaj li pib nrog kev tiv thaiv DC ua ntej.
Ib lub cuab yeej tiv thaiv DC surge hauv cov tshuab hnub ci txwv tsis pub muaj transient overvoltage ntawm DC circuits los ntawm kev clamping surges thiab tso lawv mus rau hauv av, tiv thaiv PV panels, cables, thiab inverters.
Kuv tsim DC kev tiv thaiv nrog ib lub tswv yim yooj yim: PV arrays yog cov conductors ntev, raug nthuav tawm. Lawv ua zoo li antennas thaum muaj xwm txheej xob laim. Txawm tias xob laim tsis ncaj qha tuaj yeem ua rau ntau txhiab volts rau hauv DC strings. A Cov Khoom Siv Tiv Thaiv Surge ntsia ze ntawm lub array combiner lossis inverter DC input ua haujlwm ua lub valve kev nyab xeeb teb sai. Nws tsis tiv thaiv xob laim, tab sis nws hloov lub zog nce siab mus deb ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob rhiab heev.
Hauv cov haujlwm tiag tiag, kuv ib txwm xyuas peb yam tseem ceeb. Ua ntej, qhov siab tshaj plaws DC voltage ntawm lub array nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej txias. Qhov thib ob, qhov zoo ntawm grounding. Qhov thib peb, qhov ntev ntawm cable routing. DC SPDs tsuas yog ua haujlwm zoo thaum qhov kev tiv thaiv grounding qis thiab cov cable txoj kev luv luv. Qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tiv thaiv surge rau cov chaw tsim khoom thiab cov kab ke loj ru tsev uas cov cable khiav ntev.
Los ntawm kuv txoj kev paub dhau los, ntau qhov kev ua tsis tiav uas raug liam tias yog "qhov tsis zoo ntawm inverter" yeej yog qhov ploj lawm lossis tsis loj npaum li DC SPDs. Ib qho SPD kev lag luam zoo ntawm sab DC txo qis cov nqi hloov pauv thiab lub sijhawm tsis ua haujlwm.
Cov Khoom Siv Tiv Thaiv Surge DC rau PV thiab Lub Hnub Ci Fais Fab
Feem ntau kuv qhia cov thawj coj kev yuav khoom tias DC SPDs tsis yog cov khoom siv xaiv tau. Lawv yog cov khoom tiv thaiv tseem ceeb.
DC surge protectors rau PV thiab lub hnub ci fais fab systems tiv thaiv cov hlua DC thiab cov khoom siv los ntawm kev cuam tshuam los ntawm xob laim thiab kev hloov pauv transients hauv kev teeb tsa sab nraum zoov.
Thaum kuv npaj DC surge protection, kuv saib qhov system layout ua ntej. PV saum ru tsev, ground-mounted arrays, thiab utility-scale plants txhua tus ua txawv thaum muaj surge events. A Cov Khoom Siv Tiv Thaiv Surge ntsia rau hauv lub thawv DC combiner txo qhov kev ntxhov siab ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob downstream. Hauv cov kab ke loj dua, kuv feem ntau siv kev tiv thaiv sib koom tes nrog SPDs ntawm array thiab inverter.
Hauv qab no yog kev sib piv uas kuv siv thaum xaiv DC SPDs:
| Qhov Loj ntawm Daim Ntawv Thov | Lub zog hluav taws xob DC ib txwm muaj | Hom SPD uas pom zoo | Chaw Teeb tsa |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lub ru tsev me me | ≤600V | Hom 2 DC SPD | Inverter DC tswv yim |
| Kev lag luam PV | 800–1000V | Hom 2 DC SPD | DC combiner box |
| Qhov ntsuas kev siv hluav taws xob | 1000–1500V | Hom 1 + 2 DC SPD | Cov cuab yeej sib xyaw ua teb |
Txoj kev no ua haujlwm tau zoo rau cov haujlwm SPD hauv kev lag luam uas lub sijhawm ua haujlwm tseem ceeb. Nws kuj tseem txo cov kev tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm kev lees paub vim tias kev puas tsuaj los ntawm hluav taws xob tau txo qis.
Kev piav qhia txog DC Surge Protective Device Voltage Ratings
Kuv ib txwm ceeb toom cov neeg yuav khoom tias qhov yuam kev ntsuas voltage yog ib qho ntawm cov yuam kev kim tshaj plaws hauv DC surge protection.
Qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob ntawm cov khoom siv tiv thaiv DC yuav tsum tshaj qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm lub zog qhib ntawm lub voj voog PV kom tsis txhob ua haujlwm ua ntej thiab poob kev tiv thaiv.
Hauv kev xyaum, kuv yeej tsis xaiv DC SPD sib npaug rau qhov voltage nominal. Qhov kub thiab txias cuam tshuam rau PV voltage heev. Huab cua txias tuaj yeem thawb qhov voltage ntawm cov hlua kom siab dua cov nqi ntawm daim ntawv lo. Yog vim li ntawd kuv thiaj nyiam qhov kev nyab xeeb tsawg kawg yog 20%.
Nov yog li cas kuv feem ntau phim qhov ntsuas voltage:
| Qib DC Voltage | Cov Qauv Siv Feem Ntau | Daim Ntawv Thov SPD |
|---|---|---|
| 12V / 24V | Kev tswj, cov sensors | Kev tiv thaiv DC hauv zos |
| 48V | Kev khaws cia hluav taws xob | Lub roj teeb interface |
| 600V | Cov PV arrays me me | Cov txheej txheem saum ru tsev |
| 1000V | Kev lag luam PV | Cov ru tsev loj |
| 1500V | Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob PV | Cov nroj tsuag hnub ci |
Siv qhov ntsuas kom raug ua rau SPD siv tau ntev dua thiab ua kom muaj kev ua tau zoo uas kwv yees tau. Qhov no tseem ceeb rau cov neeg yuav khoom zoo li Jeff, uas xav tau qhov zoo ruaj khov thiab tus nqi qis ntawm kev muaj.
DC Surge Protection rau PV Panels thiab Inverters
Kuv tsom ntsoov rau lub inverter vim nws yog qhov khoom kim tshaj plaws thiab rhiab heev.
Kev tiv thaiv DC surge ntawm PV panels thiab inverters txwv lub zog ib ntus ua ntej nws nkag mus rau hauv inverter electronics, tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj loj heev thiab kaw lub system.
Los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv teb, feem ntau qhov tsis ua haujlwm ntawm lub inverter tshwm sim ntawm theem DC input. Cov xov hluav taws xob DC ntev sau cov zog surge, thiab tsis muaj a Cov Khoom Siv Tiv Thaiv Surge, lub inverter nqus cov kev ntaus. Kuv ib txwm teeb tsa DC SPDs kom ze li ze tau rau cov inverter terminals.
Hauv cov tshuab PV niaj hnub siv 1000V lossis siab dua, kev tiv thaiv sib koom tes yog qhov tseem ceeb. Ib qho SPD ntawm qhov array tsis txaus. Kev tiv thaiv txheej txheem txo cov hluav taws xob seem thiab txhim kho kev ntseeg siab ntawm lub kaw lus. Txoj hauv kev no siv dav hauv kev tiv thaiv hluav taws xob rau cov chaw tsim khoom uas lub sijhawm tsis ua haujlwm tsis raug.
Kev Teeb tsa Ncej ntawm DC Surge Protective Devices
Kuv feem ntau pom kev tsis meej pem txog cov ncej, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov kab ke PV ntab piv rau cov kab ke PV hauv av.
Kev teeb tsa tus ncej ntawm cov khoom siv tiv thaiv DC surge nyob ntawm qhov system grounding thiab kev npaj conductor, ua kom muaj kev tiv thaiv tag nrho ntawm cov kab zoo, kab tsis zoo, thiab kab av.
Rau feem ntau ntawm cov tshuab PV, 2P DC SPDs yog cov uas siv ntau. Lawv tiv thaiv cov kab zoo thiab cov kab tsis zoo rau hauv av. Hauv cov tshuab nyuaj dua, tej zaum yuav xav tau 3P configurations. Kuv ib txwm xyuas kom meej cov grounding topology ua ntej xaiv zaum kawg. Kev teeb tsa tus ncej tsis raug yuav txo qhov ua tau zoo ntawm kev tiv thaiv thiab ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev ua tsis tiav.
Cov Khoom Siv Tiv Thaiv Hluav Taws Xob AC Siv rau hauv Lub Hnub Ci Systems
Kuv kho AC kev tiv thaiv ua kab tiv thaiv thib ob tom qab DC kev tiv thaiv.
Cov khoom siv tiv thaiv AC surge tiv thaiv cov inverters, cov laug cam faib khoom, thiab cov khoom thauj los ntawm surges nkag los ntawm cov chaw siv hluav taws xob lossis cov xwm txheej hloov pauv sab hauv.
Cov AC SPDs raug xaiv raws li qhov voltage thiab theem teeb tsa. Cov kab ke hauv tsev feem ntau siv 110V lossis 275V SPDs, thaum cov kab ke hauv kev lag luam siv 385V cov khoom siv. Rau cov kab ke peb-theem, 3P + NPE teeb tsa muab kev tiv thaiv sib npaug.
| Hom Tshuab AC | Hluav taws xob | Kev Teeb tsa SPD |
|---|---|---|
| Chaw nyob | 110V | 1P los yog 1P + N |
| Kev Lag Luam | 275V | 2P |
| Kev Lag Luam | 385V | 3P+NPE |
Ib lub SPD kev lag luam nyob rau sab AC tiv thaiv tsis yog cov khoom siv hnub ci xwb tab sis kuj tseem muaj cov khoom thauj txuas nrog.
Yuav Xaiv Li Cas Cov Khoom Siv Tiv Thaiv Surge Sab Xis rau Hnub Ci
Kuv xaiv yooj yim vim tias qhov nyuaj dhau ua rau muaj qhov yuam kev.
Kev xaiv cov khoom siv tiv thaiv hluav taws xob kom raug txhais tau tias qhov sib phim voltage, hom system, qhov chaw teeb tsa, thiab qib kev pheej hmoo rau kev tiv thaiv mus sij hawm ntev.
Kuv ib txwm pom zoo kom siv cov khoom lag luam uas tau ntawv pov thawj nrog cov qib surge thiab kev tiv thaiv thermal meej. Tsis txhob sib xyaw AC thiab DC SPDs tsis raug. Ntau qhov kev ua tsis tiav los ntawm kev teeb tsa AC SPDs rau ntawm DC circuits. Kev ua haujlwm nrog tus neeg muag khoom uas nkag siab txog tus cwj pwm ntawm surge arrester ua rau muaj qhov sib txawv tiag tiag.
Xaus lus
Xaiv qhov yog Cov Khoom Siv Tiv Thaiv Surge hnub no los tiv thaiv koj cov peev txheej hnub ci thiab ua kom koj lub kaw lus khiav tag kis.
Cov Lus Nug Feem Ntau
Q1: Cov tshuab hnub ci puas xav tau kev tiv thaiv DC surge tiag?
Yog. Cov PV arrays raug cuam tshuam heev thiab DC surges yog qhov ua rau inverter tsis ua haujlwm.
Q2: Ib qho SPD puas tuaj yeem tiv thaiv ob qho tib si AC thiab DC circuits?
Tsis yog. Cov voj voog AC thiab DC xav tau cov qauv tsim thiab qib SPD sib txawv.
Q3: Yuav tsum hloov lub cuab yeej tiv thaiv hluav taws xob ntau npaum li cas?
Nws nyob ntawm seb puas muaj dej nyab los ntawm hluav taws xob, tab sis pom zoo kom kuaj xyuas tsis tu ncua txhua xyoo.
Q4: Qhov ntsuas kA siab dua puas zoo dua?
Tsis yog txhua lub sijhawm. Nws yuav tsum phim qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm lub kaw lus thiab qhov chaw teeb tsa.
Q5: Puas yog qhov av tsis zoo yuav txo tau qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm SPD?
Yog. Qhov zoo ntawm kev sib txuas hauv av ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau qhov ua tau zoo ntawm kev hloov pauv hluav taws xob.